Warts are benign (non-cancerous) growths on the skin caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. They can appear on various parts of the body and come in different types and sizes. Here’s a brief overview:
Types of Warts
- Common Warts: Typically found on hands and fingers. They have a rough surface and can be round or irregularly shaped.
- Plantar Warts: Occur on the soles of the feet. They often grow inward due to pressure and can be painful.
- Flat Warts: Small, smooth, and flat, these often appear on the face, arms, or legs.
- Genital Warts: Found in the genital area and are usually spread through sexual contact.
- Periungual Warts: Surround the nails and can affect the nail bed or cuticles.
Causes
- HPV Infection: Warts are caused by various strains of HPV. The virus infects the skin through small cuts or abrasions.
- Transmission: HPV can spread through direct contact with a wart or by touching contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms
- Appearance: Warts may be raised, rough, or flat. They can vary in color from flesh-toned to darker shades.
- Pain: Some warts, particularly plantar warts, can cause discomfort or pain.
Treatment Options
- Over-the-Counter: Salicylic acid, freezing sprays.
- Home Remedies: Apple cider vinegar, tea tree oil, garlic.
- Medical Procedures: Cryotherapy, cantharidin, electrosurgery, laser treatment.
- Prescription Medications: Imiquimod, retinoid creams.
Prevention
- Avoid Direct Contact: Don’t touch warts or share personal items.
- Keep Feet Dry: Use protective footwear in public showers or pools.
- Boost Immune System: Maintain a healthy lifestyle to support your immune defenses.
If warts are persistent, painful, or spreading, it's best to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate treatment and diagnosis.
